Testing the metals hypothesis in Spokane, Washington.

نویسندگان

  • Candis S Claiborn
  • Timothy Larson
  • Lianne Sheppard
چکیده

A >7-year, time-series, epidemiologic study is ongoing in Spokane, Washington, to examine the associations between ambient particulate constituents or sources and health outcomes such as emergency department (ED) visits for asthma or respiratory problems. One of the hypotheses being tested is that particulate toxic metals are associated with these health outcomes. Spokane is a desirable city in which to conduct this study because of its relatively high concentrations of particulate matter, low concentrations of potentially confounding air pollutants, variability of particulate sources, and presence of several potential particulate metals sources. Daily fine- and coarse-fraction particulate samples are analyzed for metals via energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) and instrumental neutron activation analysis. Particulate sources are determined using receptor modeling, including chemical mass balancing and positive matrix factorization coupled with partial source contribution function analysis. Principal component analysis has also been used to examine the influence of sources on the daily variability of the chemical composition of particulate samples. Based upon initial analyses using the EDXRF elemental analyses, statistically significant associations were observed between ED visits for asthma and increased combustion products, air stagnation, and fine particulate Zn. Although there is a significant soil particulate component, increased crustal particulate levels were not found to be associated with ED visits for asthma. Further research will clarify whether there is an association between specific health outcomes and either coarse or fine particulate metal species.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Disseminated Adenovirus Nephritis After Kidney Transplantation

Timothy Hatlen, Henry Mroch, Katherine Tuttle, Okechukwu Ojogho, Michele Rooney, Sara Desmond and Samer Bani-Hani Department of Medicine, Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center, Spokane, Washington, USA; Department of Infectious Diseases, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA; Department of Nephrology, Providence Kidney Care Spokane, Spokane, Washington, USA; Institute of Transl...

متن کامل

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for investigation of a cluster of invasive group A streptococcal illness--Spokane, Washington, 1999.

On January 25, 1999, health officials in Spokane County, Washington (1999 population: 415,000), were notified of a fatal case of necrotizing fasciitis (NF) caused by community-acquired invasive group A streptococcus (GAS) infection. Although invasive GAS infection is not a reportable disease in Washington, Spokane health officials requested reports of additional invasive GAS cases from local ho...

متن کامل

The spokane flood controversy and the martian outflow channels.

In a series of papers published between 1923 and 1932, J Harlen Bretz described an enormous plexus of proglacial stream channels eroded into the loess and basalt of the Columbia Plateau, eastern Washington. He argued that this region which he called the Channeled Scabland, was the product of a cataclysmic flood, which he called the Spokane flood. Considering the nature and vehemence of the oppo...

متن کامل

Cytokines and Chemokines: Disease Models, Mechanisms, and Therapies

1 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, 412 E. Spokane Falls Boulevard, Spokane, WA 99204, USA 2Department of Medicine/Rheumatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA 3Veteran’s Administration, Ann Arbor, MI and Department of Internal Medicine/Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA 4Department of D...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Environmental Health Perspectives

دوره 110  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2002